Strings in C are defined as an array of characters. The main difference between a character array and a string is the string is terminated with a special character ‘\0’.
A one-dimensional array of characters with a null ('0') at the end is referred to as a string constant.
char str[]={‘s’, ‘h’, ‘e’, ‘e’, ‘s’, ‘a’, ‘n’, ‘a’, ‘v’, ‘I’, ‘\0’};Each character in the array occupies one byte of memory and the last character is always ‘\0’.
|
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
|
s |
h |
r |
e |
e |
s |
a |
n |
a |
v |
i |
\0 |
|
5555 |
5556 |
5557 |
5558 |
5559 |
5560 |
5561 |
5562 |
5562 |
5563 |
5564 |
5565 |
The terminating null (‘\0’) is very important because it is the only method the functions that work with a string can know where the string ends. If string not terminated by a ‘\0’ is not really a string, but just a collection of characters.
char str[]= “shreesanavi”Note: In this statement declaration ‘\0’ is not mandatory. C inserts the null character automatically.
#include<stdio.h>
int main( )
{
char name[ ] = "shreesanavi" ;
int i = 0 ;
while ( i <= 10 )
{
printf ( "%c", name[i] ) ;
i++ ;
}
return 0;
}
shreesanavi
--------------------------------
Process exited after 1.065 seconds with return value 0
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