Operating System

Introduction Generations of Computers Classification of Computers Basic Anatomy of a Computer System Memory Management Computer Software Operating System

Algorithm Flowcharts

Programming Language Generations of Programming Languages Introduction to C Structure of C Programming Language Integrated Development Environment First C program, Hello World Executing a C Program Constants in C Variables in C C Storage Classes and Storage Class Specifiers

Introduction Arithmetic operators Relational Operators Logical Operators Assignment Operator Increment and Decrement Operators Conditional Operators Bitwise Operators Precedence and Associativity

Control Instructions in C if Statement in C if-else Statement Nested if-else statement else if ladder Switch Statements in C

Loops Introduction for Loop while loop in C do-while Loop break and continue statements

Array in C One Dimensional array Two Dimensional Array Multidimensional Arrays

Modular Programming Functions

Searching Techniques Linear Search Algorithm Binary-Search-Algorithm

Sorting Introduction Bubble Sort

What is Strings Standard Library String Functions

Structure Introduction Defining a Structure Declaration of Structure Example of Structure Union Introduction Defining a Union Accessing Union Members

Pointers in C Accessing the Address of a variable Pointer Operations

Dynamic Memory Allocation

An operating system is a system of software that manages hardware and software resources while also providing a common service for computer programs.

An operating system is a program that serves as a link between computer software and hardware. It is a collection of specialist programs that work together to manage the computer's overall resources and functions. The operating system (OS) is a piece of specialized software that oversees and regulates the execution of all other programs on the computer, including application applications and other system software.

Main Objectives of the Operating System

To make the computer system more efficient and convenient to use.
Users will not be able to see the details of the hardware resources.
To give users a simple way to interact with the computer system.
Act as a bridge between the hardware and the users, allowing them to access and use other resources more easily.
To manage a computer system's resources.
Keeping track of who is utilizing which resource, approving resource requests, and resolving conflicts between programs and users.
To ensure that resources are shared efficiently and fairly across users and applications.

Characteristics of Operating System

Memory Management− Keeps track of the primary memory, such as which parts are used by whom and which aren't, and allocates RAM when a process or application asks it.
Processor Management− Allocates the processor (CPU) to a process and deallocates the processor when it is no longer required.
Device Management− Keeps track of all the devices. This is also called the I/O controller which decides which process gets the device, when, and for how much time.
File Management− Allocates and de-allocates the resources and decides who gets the resources.
Security− Prevents unauthorized access to programs and data by means of passwords and other similar techniques.
Job Accounting− Keeps track of time and resources used by various jobs and/or users.
Control Over System Performance− Records delays between the request for a service and from the system.
Interaction with the Operators− Interaction may take place via the console of the computer in the form of instructions. The Operating System acknowledges the same, does the corresponding action and informs the operation by a display screen.
Error-detecting Aids− Production of dumps, traces, error messages, and other debugging and error-detecting methods.
Coordination Between Other Software and Users− Coordination and assignment of compilers, interpreters, assemblers, and other software to the various users of the computer systems.

Fundamentals of the Computer System

Introduction to Algorithm

Programming Basics

Operators in C

Conditional Branching

Iteration and Loops

Array in C

Functions in C

Searching Algorithms

Sorting Algorithms

Strings

Structures and Union

Pointers in C

File Handling in C

Advanced